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Areas of learning
Each area holds the claims that belong there. A newer area can also appear before it has a claim, once it holds at least two candidate beliefs whose sources have been checked. A candidate becomes a full claim, attacked every night, when it is promoted.
18 areas · 37 claims.
- Memory and practiceHow we store what we learn and bring it back later — retrieval, spacing and mixing practice.
- Teaching and feedbackWhat teachers and tutors say and do that changes later learning, not just tonight's performance.
- Motivation and curiosityWhat keeps people wanting to learn — and what quietly kills interest.
- Sleep and the bodyHow sleep, school start times and the body shape what sticks.
- Learning from other peopleLearning by explaining, teaching and working with others.
- Expertise and practiceHow much deliberate practice explains skill — and what else matters.
- Reading and comprehensionPaper or screen, phonics, and the knowledge that makes text make sense.
- Screens, devices and attentionPhones, laptops and on-screen extras — when they help and when they get in the way.
- AI and thinkingWhen AI tools help practice and when they hollow out the skill they replace.
- Metacognition and self-regulationTeaching people to plan, check and steer their own learning.
- Early childhood and languageShared reading and talk that grow vocabulary before formal school.
- Language learningHow people learn a second or foreign language — spacing, practice and what kind of teaching helps.
- Emotion, stress and arousalHow anxiety, acute stress and arousal change what we can learn and bring back under test.
- Learning outside schoolHomework, museums, field trips and other structured learning beyond the classroom.
- Special education and inclusionHow placement and targeted teaching affect pupils with special educational needs — what helps, and what does not.
- Adult / workplace learningTraining at work: what raises learning and what makes it transfer to the job.
- Music and arts trainingMusic, drama and the arts — what transfers beyond the art form itself, and what does not.
- Bilingualism and dual literacyLearning to read and learn in two languages — programmes for language-minority children and the skills that transfer.