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Near and far transfer: Is music special?
Bigand & Tillmann 2022 · review pooling many studies (meta-analysis) · touches 2 claims · used in 1 attack
Read the study itself (doi.org) ↗
Which beliefs it touches
- C30 Music lessons and thinking skills (killed) pushes against it
Reanalysis of the same data: g ≈ 0.21–0.24 after removing near-transfer controls.
- C35 Music lessons and school results pushes against it
g = 0.208 after removing near-transfer controls, pooled with passive controls; carried over from C30.
Attacks that used it
- C30 attack #1, 31 October 2026: narrowed