Sleep Reduces the Testing Effect—But Not After Corrective Feedback and Prolonged Retention Interval

Corrective feedback, three practice cycles (retrieval success up to 99%), equal time: restudy = retrieval at 12 h (wake 73.6% vs 75.4%; sleep 85.8% vs 88.9%). C0 "delayed" scoped to about a day or more; weakened 2026-10-05.

Indirect, post-learning arm: sleeping right after learning word pairs (normal sleep, not restriction) gave no recall advantage at 24 h or 7 days (Exp 2a 7 days: slept-first 34.2% vs awake-first 37.1%; Exp 2b no sleep effect); delay groups not fully randomised.