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A meta-analysis on the impact of grades and comments on academic motivation and achievement: a case for written feedback
Koenka et al. 2021 · review pooling many studies (meta-analysis) · touches 1 claim
Read the study itself (doi.org) ↗
Which beliefs it touches
- C4 Task feedback vs praise backs it up
Four meta-analyses (elementary and secondary school): students receiving grades had poorer achievement and motivation than students receiving comments; grades beat no feedback on achievement but lowered motivation (abstract). Delay of the achievement measures not verified.