Links to claims

Supports (1)

Claim	Basis
C34	Abstract: g = 0.23 bilingual > submersion on reading (5 studies).

Claim

Basis

C34

Abstract: g = 0.23 bilingual > submersion on reading (5 studies).

Limits (1)

Claim	Basis
K66 (candidate)	Programme-level bilingual vs submersion reading effects (g=0.23) are a different question from precursor→reading correlations; kept as adjacent bilingualism evidence.

Claim

Basis

K66 (candidate)

Programme-level bilingual vs submersion reading effects (g=0.23) are a different question from precursor→reading correlations; kept as adjacent bilingualism evidence.

Review state: first-pass draft, pending human review.

Source note

Syntes: A Meta-Analysis on the Effectiveness of Bilingual Programs in Europe

Källa: Reljić, G.; Ferring, D.; Martin, R. (2015). A Meta-Analysis on the Effectiveness of Bilingual Programs in Europe. https://doi.org/10.3102/0034654314548514

Verified content

[abstract] Random-effects model: small positive effect g = 0.23 (95% CI 0.10–0.36) for bilingual over submersion programmes on reading of language-minority children.
[abstract] Only five studies in the model; generalizability limited; more European studies needed.

Limits

Read level: abstract. Numbers only from what was read; do not use for a ledger verdict until full text is checked where marked abstract-only or secondary.

Why it is in the library

Far-domain seed source for Phase D (K65).

Added 2026-10-28 by the project (Phase D expansional push). [abstract] = published abstract; [full text] = full text; [assessment] = judgement; [secondary] = secondary summary pending paper check.

Metadata as recorded

BILIN-001

Tier