How Much Mightier Is the Pen than the Keyboard for Note-Taking? A Replication and Extension of Mueller and Oppenheimer (2014)

Randomised lab replication with the original materials: no conceptual difference two days later, with or without a 7-minute review of notes (Exp. 1 F(2,151) = 0.19, p = .83; Exp. 2 F(2,168) = 1.17, p = .31); full text read 2026-10-21; applied as weaken 2026-10-21.