Authors: · Year: 2025 · Tier: quasi/cluster · DOI/URL: https://doi.org/10.5117/TVT2025.01.003.ENGE (Tijdschrift voor Taalbeheersing 47(1), 35–53; open access)

Links to claims

Limits (1)

Claim	Basis
C7	Dutch upper-secondary classes (303 pupils, class-level assignment): small pen advantage on an immediate test for a descriptive lecture only, gone a week later. Thin design and no conceptual split; looked at and not emitted as a C7 attack (nightly 2026-10-15).

Claim

Basis

Dutch upper-secondary classes (303 pupils, class-level assignment): small pen advantage on an immediate test for a descriptive lecture only, gone a week later. Thin design and no conceptual split; looked at and not emitted as a C7 attack (nightly 2026-10-15).

Review state: first-pass draft, pending human review.

Source note

Syntes: Aantekeningen maken met pen of laptop (note-taking with pen or laptop) (2025)

Källa: https://doi.org/10.5117/TVT2025.01.003.ENGE (Tijdschrift voor Taalbeheersing 47(1), 35–53; open access)

Verified content

303 Dutch vwo-4 pupils in 16 classes, two classes per condition (class-level assignment), not preregistered; descriptive vs explanatory lecture; notes reviewed for 10 minutes before a closed-notes multiple-choice test.
Pen beat laptop on immediate correctness (.57 vs .53; F(1,295) = 7.16, p = .008), only for the descriptive lecture (.63 vs .55), not the explanatory one (.51 vs .51); at the delayed test about a week later (n = 227) the medium effect on correctness was F < 1. Medium not analysed separately for conceptual items.
Read: full text (in Dutch), 2026-10-15 nightly run.

Metadata as recorded

HAND-012

Tier

quasi/cluster

Titel

Aantekeningen maken met pen of laptop (note-taking with pen or laptop)

År

2025

Källa/DOI

https://doi.org/10.5117/TVT2025.01.003.ENGE (Tijdschrift voor Taalbeheersing 47(1), 35–53; open access)

Åldersgrupp

gymnasium

Teman

penna-vs-tangentbord;uppmarksamhet-och-minne

Hämtad

2026-10-15